03. Water as a natural resource
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03. Water as a natural resource

Water is natural resource given by nature.

Sources of water

  1. Well
  2. Rain
  3. River
  4. Tap
  5. Lake

Status of water

Identify the status of the water

Activity

Put the ice cubes into the boiling tube and heat.

Observation

When ice cubes are heated they turn into liquid water.

When further heated, water turns into vapour.

Solid – glaziers (Northern poles and Southern poles of the world), Ice , snow (winter season)

Liquid – Water (Lakes, streams, rivers, tanks, ponds, wells and seas)

Gas – Water vapour ,steam , water exists in the atmosphere

Whether there is water vapour in the atmosphere

Activity

Fill half of the glass with water and observe the outer surface.

Put some ice cubes into the same glass and close it with the cardboard.

Observe the outer surface.

Observation

Water vapour in the atmosphere condenses and can be seen on the outer surface.

Water vapour in the atmosphere.

Types of water based on availability

Behaviour of rain drops when they fall down

  1. Flow
  2. Absorbed by soil
  3. Gather in muddy puddles

Activity

Put the soil into the glass tank and pour water on to the components using the tin with holes.

Observation

Precipitation -The water comes through the tin.

Ground water – flows through the components of soil.

Surface water – Water remaining

Precipitation – The water comes through the tin and falls on soil.

rain, snow, hail, sleet

Surface water – Water remaining on soil.

oceans, seas, rivers, streams, tanks, ponds, lakes, waterfalls

Ground water – The water which flows through the components.

wells , springs

Types of water based on salinity

1.Fresh water – The amount of salt dissolved in fresh water is very low.

wells, ponds, rivers, streams, waterfalls,

2. Marine water – The amount of salt dissolved in marine water is high.

Seas, oceans

Sodium chloride is a one type of salt dissolved in sea water.

Salt is produced by vapourizing sea water.

3. Brackish water – The amount of salt dissolved in brackish water is less than marine water but higher than fresh water.

Lagoons

Importance of water

Importance of water for human activities

  1. Industries including agriculture
  2. Sanitary purposes
  3. Household activities
  4. Transportation
  5. Leisure
  6. Water related sports
  7. Generate electricity

Importance of water for the existence of life

  1. Transport nutrients throughout the body
  2. As an excretory medium of animals
  3. Digest food
  4. A medium of living
  5. Cooling the body
  6. Photosynthesis
  7. Rigidity of plants
  8. For plants absorb minerals

Water, a limited resource

Water covers more than 70% of the earth surface but the percentage of water that can be consumed 0.01%. Water is a natural resource, most of the people use it in a very careless manner.

Water pollution

Features of polluted water

  1. Bad smell
  2. De colourization

Pollution of surface water affects ground water. The poisonous chemicals in surface water are added to the ground water. Ground water is used to drink poisonous chemicals enter the human body.

Illnesses

  1. Cancer
  2. Kidney failure

Addition of waste materials to water till it becomes unsuitable for consumption is known as water pollution.

  1. Addition of agrochemicals and chemicals
  2. Washing and bathing water bodies
  3. Releasing of waste materials and impure water to water bodies
  4. Releasing of chemicals and impure water from factories
  5. Addition of polythene and plastics to water bodies

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